Bobbin for spinning frames



June l 1943.

L. M. COTCHETT EI'AL BOBBIN FOR SPINNING FRAMES iled March Patented June 11'943 f `.'BOBBIN FOR SPINNING FRAMES Louis M. Cotchett, Hingham, Mass., and John A. Kennedy. Saco, Maine, assignors to Saco-Lowell Shops, Boston, Mass., a corporation of Maine Application March 26, 1941, Serial No. 385,286

8 Claims.

tory substitute for the wood bobbins used practically universally in this country.

While it has been a common practice to use hollow conical forms made ofl cardboard, or similar material, as cores on which to wind twine, yarn, or the like, such devices are not at all suited to the requirements of lbobbins -for spinning frames. lso, it has been proposed to produce bobbins of essentially -the same general forni as those made of wood by molding, or otherwise shaping, sections of paper tubing. v These constructions, however,y have been expensive and, so far as we are aware, they have never gone into practical use.

In order for a paper bobbin to compete successfully with one made of wood, it must be capable of being manufactured on a comparable cost basis with wood bobbins; it must Ibe as easily donned and doed asa wood bobbin, and it must have a high degree of mechanical stability. To produce a construction which will satisfy 'these requirements has proved to be a difficult problem, and it is the chief object of this invention to devise a thoroughly practical solution for 'that problem. The invention involves both a new bobbin structure and also a novel 4combination of a bobbin and a spindle.' l

4The. nature of the invention willl be readily understood from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The single ,figure of the accompanying drawing is a View, partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention.

f The spindle construction shown in the draw-v ing comprises a spindle blade 2 which may be of any suitable form and may be mounted in any usual or convenient manner. That illustrated is a common commercial construction. The lrotat ing portion of this structure includes a whirl 3 and an acorn 4 integral with the whirl, these parts being pressed on to a tapered section of the blade. In addition, the blade isequipped with a tapered tip 5 pressed on the blade and with a ilier section 6 abutting at its opposite ends against the acorn 4 and -tip 5, respectively.

In the particular construction shown this iiller piece is made of wood and it is connected with the acorn by means of two dowels .'l-1. In some spindles, however, two or more of these parts 4, 5 and 6 will be made integral, depending upon the service required of the individual spindles, manufacturing expediencies, and the like. For example, in some'constructions the -acorn 4, tip 5, and ller section 6, are made in a single integral piece and are forced on to the upper end of a blade which is much shorter than .that shown, the bladebeingsupported in a bolster in the conventional manner. The blade is mounted for rotation in a spindle base l2' of a common form.

The bobbin comprises a straight tubular body portion 8 of paper, usually made by rolling a sheet or web of paper upon itself to form a cylindrical tube having the desired thickness of wall. Such a tube mayeither be made in lengths suitable for individual bobbins, or sections of such lengths may be cut from paper tubes made in indellnite lengths. In the construction illus-y trated, the upper end of `the tube 8 is crimped over for the purpose of providing a smooth rounded surface at this end of the bobbin, to stiffen this part of the tube, and als@ to form an internal shoulder 9 against which to position the bushing lll. It is preferable, also, to reinforce -the lower end of the bobbin, either by crimping it over, as shown at l2, or by means of-a metalferrule i3, or both. Such reinforcement ofthe ends, however, is not always necessary.

At some stage in ,the .process of manufacture 'of the bobbin, the paper body preferably is lim- Y'pregnated with some su-ch composition as those used in producing hardened or indurated paper or ber products. These treatments consist of impregnation with drying oils and subsequent oxidizing of 'the oils, or with natural or syn-f thetic resins, or with reslnous materials which are applied in liquid form and subsequently are reacted as, for example, Glyptal, or Bakelite compositions. They serve to stiten and harden the bobbin and. to give it a high degree of mechanical strength and stability as well as to waterproof it.

After the treating and shaping operations havel been completed, the bushing i0 is pushed through the lower end of the bobbin, abutted against the shoulder 9, and is cemented in that position. Preferably this bushing ismade of rubber, either natural or synthetic, but it may be made of other substances, such as wood or cork compositions.

Both considerations-of manufacturing expense and. of satisfactory operation have made it preferable to eliminate the drive of the bobbin from its lower end, as is customary with wooden bobbins. For this reason provision is made for supporting and driving the bobbin solely from its top. Accordingly, such drive is accomplished through the engagement of the vbushing l with the tip 5, these two parts being tapered so that one fits tightly within the other. Below the bushing, however, the bobbin has Aa clearance with the spindle for its entire length. 'Ihat with the acorn 4 should be somewhere between four and ten thousandths of an inch on a side, the clearance commonly used being ve thousandths of an inch. From this point `to the tip the clearance increases to a maximum in the neighborhood of thirty thousandths of an inch.

'I'hese clearances and the degree of taper of the parts 5 and i 0 are very important from an operating standpoint. If there is too little clearance, the spindle is likely to grab the tube during the operation of placing the latter on the blade and at a time before it gets down to its seat. This action may be suiliciently violent to snatch the tube out of the operators hand. On the other hand, if theclearance is much greater than the gures given, then the bobbin will squali or squeal during the operation of putting on a new or an empty bobbin. Some clearance, also, at the lower end of the bobbin is desirable in order to provide good running conditions.

'I'he taper of the tip 5 and bushing lIll must be sufficient to prevent slip of the bushing on the tip under the driving effort transmitted by the latter. Such a condition naturally calls for a very low degree of tapersomething approaching a 'sticking taper. This, however, would not be satisfactory from an operating standpoint for two reasons:

(1) Because it would be diiicult for the operator to pull the bobbin off the spindle in doifing; and

(2) Because the tolerance necessary to practical manufacturing conditions would result in too great a variation in the vertical position of different bobbins placed on the same spindle.

While some tolerance in thisA position must be expected, the ideal condition would beto have every bobbin bottom in precisely the same vertical relationship to every spindle in the frame. Thus the maximum length of each bobbin could be utilized for yarn supporting purposes. If the taper of the parts 5 and Ill were made suillciently great to produce this result, it would also greatly increase the tendency of the bobbin 'both to slip circumferentially and also to work upwardly ofi the tip 5 due to vibration of the machine. A long series-of experiments has demonstrated that a taper of between sixty and one hundred thousandths of an inch per inch of axial length satisfactorily meets the requirements of driving, doillng, and positioning of the-bobbin. The preferred ligure is midway between the limits just given, and these limits afford a reasonable manufacturing tolerance. Also; the dimensions of the tip should be such as to ,afford ample frictional driving suriace. While these dimensions necessarily will depend somewhat upon the diameter of the bobbin, typical'dimensions of the tip are a length of in the neighborhood of three- 'quarters of an inch and a diameter of between three-eighths and three-quarters of an inch at spindle. Usually these turns will come off withl the larger end. Usually this diameter runs nearer the latter gure than the former.

A slight taper is given to. the nller section l, as indicated (by the .clearance above referred to. since such a taper is of material assistance to the operator in removing the few turns of yarn wound around this intermediate portionfot the the bobbin in domng, but if lthey do not, they must be removed by hand. As a rule the lower portion of the blade below the whirl is gradually reduced in diameter to the lower end of the blade, this lower taper being like that common in spinning spindles.

It has been demonstrated in actual practice that this invention provides a paper lbobbin which is highly satisfactory in commercial operation. At the same time it can 'be manufactured at costs which enable it to compete successfully with wooden bobbins. And in some respects it -is superior to the latter. l

While we have herein shown and -described a 4typical embodiment of our invention, it will be v or scope thereof.

Having thus described our invention, what we desire to claim as new is:

1. A spirming frame spindle comprising a spindle blade provided with an acorn and a tip, both larger in diameter than the blade and rigid therewith, and a basel in which said blade is mounted for rotation around its own axis, said spindle also including a tapered 111m section between said acorn and said tip, the outer surface of which section approximately merges with those of said acorn and said tip, the smaller end of said tapered section being uppermost.

2. The combination with a spinning frame spindle including a spindle blade provided with a,

said bushingttin'g on said tip, said tip and the internal surface of said bushing engaged therewith being so tapered as to drive the bobbin without substantial slip but permitting free removal of the bobbin from the tip during doillng and supporting the bobbin in substantially a predetermined position lengthwise of said blade, the portion of said body below said tip being of such diameter as to provide a clearance between the inner surface thereof and the outer surfaces of said acorn and said filling section, whereby the bobbin is supported on the spindle solely by the engagement of said bushing with said tape tip.

3. A combination according to preceding claim 2, in which said tip and said bushing have a taper of between sixty and one hundred thousandths of an inch per inch of axial length.

4. A combination according to preceding claim 2, in which the clearance between the inner surface of said bobbin and the outer surface of said acorn is between four and ten thousandths of an inch all around the acorn.

5. A `combination according to preceding claim 2, in which the clearance between the inner surface of said bobbin and the outer surface of said acorn is in the neighborhood of nve thousandths of an inch and the clearance with the filler piece is between about five and thirty thousandths of an inch. v

6. A combination according to preceding claim 2, in which said tip has a taper of between sixty and one hundred thousandths of an inch per inc h of axial length and has a diameter of between three-eighths and three-quarters of an inch at its larger end.

7. A bobbin for spinning frames comprising a waterproof paper tube of substantially cylindrical shape provided with an inwardly crimped upper end and an outwardly crimped lower end, and a bushing in the upper end portion of said bobbin, said bushing having an internal tapered surface adapted for driving engagement with a spindle tip, the upper end of said bushing bearing against, said inwardly crimped portion of the tube.

8.. A bobbin for spinning frames comprising a waterproof paper tube of substantially cylindrical shape provided with an inwardly crimped upper end and an outwardly crimped lower end, and a bushing in the upper end portion of said bobbin, said bushing having an internal tapered surface adapted for driving engagement with a spindle y10 tip, the taper being between sixty and one hundred thousandths of an inch per inch of axial length.

LOUIS M. CO'I'CHETT JOHN A. KENNEDY.

CSMIFICATE oF'coRmscTIon.l Patent no. 2,520,965. June. 1, 15M.-

LoUIs n. coTcHETT, ET AL.

It la horebycertified that error appears 1n the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, secfor filling rend 4--f111e'r; and that the said Letters Patent should be road'pdx this correction therein that the same may conform to the record or tn en 1n the latent office.

sigma ma sealed m8129121 day or June, A. D. 19M.

AHenry Van Arsdale',

`(Seal) Acting Commisssioner of Patents. 

